Initially, Israel's aerial attack on the Hamas negotiating team in Qatar seemed like yet another escalation that pushed the prospect of peace further away.
The attack on 9 September violated the territorial integrity of an American ally and risked expanding the hostilities into a broader regional conflict.
Diplomacy seemed to be collapsing.
However, it turned out to be a pivotal event that has led in a agreement, declared by President Donald Trump, to free all captives still held.
That represents a goal that he, and Joe Biden previously, had pursued for nearly two years.
It is just the initial phase towards a lasting resolution, and the details of Hamas disarmament, Gaza governance and full Israeli withdrawal remain to be negotiated.
But if this agreement stands, it could be Donald Trump's signature achievement of his return to office - one that escaped Biden and his diplomatic team.
The president's unique style and crucial relationships with Israel and the Middle Eastern nations seem to have contributed in this success.
However, as with most diplomatic achievements, there were also factors involved beyond the control of both leaders.
Publicly, Trump and Benjamin Netanyahu are all smiles.
The president often states that Israel has no greater ally, and Netanyahu has called Trump as the country's "greatest ever ally in the US presidency". Moreover these positive statements have been matched by actions.
During his initial time in office, Trump moved the US embassy in the country from its former location to the contested capital and abandoned a traditional American stance that Jewish communities in the Palestinian West Bank are illegal, the view under international law.
When the Israeli military began its air strikes against the Islamic Republic in the summer, Trump directed US bombers to strike the nation's atomic sites with its largest non-nuclear weapons.
These visible shows of support may have allowed the president the leeway to exert more influence on Israel in private. As per sources, the president's envoy, his representative, browbeat the prime minister in late 2024 into agreeing to a temporary ceasefire in return for the freeing of some hostages.
When Israel launched strikes against Syrian forces in the summer, even bombing a Christian church, Trump pressured his counterpart to change course.
Trump exhibited a degree of determination and insistence on an Israel's leader that is rarely seen, says Aaron David Miller of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. "There is no example of an American president directly instructing an Israeli prime minister that you're going to have to comply or else."
Biden's relationship with the Israeli administration was consistently more strained.
His administration's "close embrace approach" argued that the US had to support the nation openly in order to allow it to moderate the country's military actions behind closed doors.
Beneath this was Biden's decades-long of backing for the state, as well as sharp divisions within his Democratic coalition over the Gaza War. Every step the leader took endangered dividing his own political backing, while Trump's loyal conservative voters gave him more flexibility to act.
Ultimately, domestic politics or individual ties may have had little impact than the simple fact that, during his term, Israel was unwilling to make peace.
Several months into Trump's second term, with Iran chastened, Hezbollah to its northern border significantly reduced and the coastal strip in ruins, all its key military goals had been achieved.
The Israeli missile attack in Doha, which killed a local national but no Hamas officials, prompted Trump to deliver an ultimatum to the prime minister. The war had to end.
Trump had given the Israeli military a relatively free hand in Gaza. He provided US armed support to Israeli operations in Iran. But an strike on Qatari territory was a separate issue entirely, pushing him towards the Arab position on how best to end the war.
Several Trump officials have told media outlets that this was a turning point which galvanised the president to apply maximum pressure to get a peace deal done.
The leader's close ties with the Arab monarchies are well documented. Trump has business dealings with the emirate and the United Arab Emirates. He began both his presidential terms with state visits to Saudi Arabia. This year, he also visited in Qatar and the UAE capital.
The president's Abraham Accords, which established ties between the Jewish state and a number of Arab nations, including the Emirates, was the most significant foreign policy success of his first term.
The time devoted in the capitals of the Gulf region earlier this year contributed to shift his perspective, says Ed Husain of the a policy institute. Trump did not travel to the country on this regional tour but visited the UAE, the kingdom and Qatar where the leader received repeated calls to put a stop to the war.
Within weeks after that Israeli strike on Doha, the president sat close as Netanyahu himself called the Qatari leadership to express regret. Subsequently, the Israeli leader signed off on the president's comprehensive proposal for Gaza - one that additionally had the support of influential Arab states in the region.
Assuming Trump's relationship with his counterpart provided him the room to influence the government to reach an agreement, his past with Muslim leaders may have secured their backing, and assisted them persuade the group to agree to the deal.
"One of the things that evidently occurred was that President Trump gained leverage with the Israelis, and indirectly with Hamas," notes an analyst of the Center for Strategic and International Studies.
"This was crucial. His ability to achieve this on his own schedule, and not succumb to the desires of the warring sides has been a challenge that many earlier administrations have faced, and he appears to do relatively successfully."
The fact that the president is far better liked in the nation than the prime minister himself was leverage that he used to his benefit, he adds.
Currently Israel has agreed to freeing more than 1,000 detainees held in its jails and has agreed to a limited pullback from the strip.
The group will free all the remaining hostages, living and dead, taken during the original 7 October Hamas attack, which resulted in the death of more than 1,200 Israeli citizens.
A conclusion to the conflict, which has resulted in the devastation of Gaza and the fatalities of over 67,000 {Palestinians|Pal
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